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1. ¼­ ·Ð

·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ¿Í ±Øµ¿Áö¿ªÀº ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö ÀÚ¿øµéÀÌ Ç³ºÎÇÏ°Ô ¸ÅÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í °ú°Å ³ÃÀüüÁ¦·Î ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÚ¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü½ÉÀº ³·Àº ÆíÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±¸¼Ò·ÃÀÇ ºØ±«¿Í Áß±¹ÀÇ °³¹æÈ®´ë·Î µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ªÀÇ °æÁ¦±³·ù°¡ È°¼ºÈ­µÇ¸é¼­ ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ªÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö ÀÚ¿ø, ƯÈ÷ õ¿¬°¡½º´Â µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ªÀÇ 21¼¼±â ÁÖ¿ä ¿¡³ÊÁö °ø±Þ¿øÀ¸·Î ºÎ°¢µÇ °í ÀÖ´Ù.
±× µ¿¾È õ¿¬°¡½ºÀÇ °ø±ÞÀ» LNG¿¡¸¸ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿´´ø Çѱ¹°ú ÀϺ», ±×¸®°í ±Þ°ÝÇÑ °æÁ¦¼ºÀå¿¡ µû¸¥ ¿¡³ÊÁö °ø±Þ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇØ°áÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ´Â Áß±¹Àº ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ·Á´Â È°¹ßÇÑ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» º¸ÀÌ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀϺ»Àº ÀÌ¹Ì 1970³â´ëºÎÅÍ »çÇÒ¸°À» Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±âÃÊÀûÀÎ Á¶»ç¸¦ ½Ç½ÃÇÏ¿© ¿Ô°í, '90³â ÀÌÈÄ¿¡´Â »çÇÒ ¸° ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ Âü¿©ÇÏ´Â µî Àû±ØÀûÀÎ °³¹ßÀü·«À» ¼öÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áß±¹µµ 1994³âºÎÅÍ À̸£ÄíÃ÷Å© Áö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹ºñŸ´ç¼º Á¶»ç¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´À» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áö¸®Àû ÀÕÁ¡À» È°¿ëÇÏ¿© Áß¾Ó¾Æ½Ã¾Æ Áö¿ªÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾Èµµ ´Ù°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î °ËÅäÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÑ ··¯¼ö±³ ÀÌÈÄ Çѱ¹µµ '95³â¿¡ »çÇÏÁö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹ºñŸ´ç¼ºÁ¶»ç¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´À» »Ó¸¸¾Æ´Ï¶ó '97³â¿¡´Â À̸£ÄíÃ÷Å©Áö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿¹ºñ Ÿ´ç¼ºÁ¶»ç¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â µî ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ª¿¡¼­ÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º µµÀÔ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³ôÀº °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.

2. µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ Æ¯¼º

µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ªÀÇ PNG ½ÃÀåÀº °ø±ÞÀڷμ­ÀÇ µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ ¹× ±Øµ¿ ·¯½Ã¾Æ ÀáÀç ¼ö¿äÀÚÀÎ Çѱ¹, Áß±¹, ÀϺ»ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×¿Ü¿¡ ºÏÇÑ°ú ¸ù°ñÀÌ ¼Ò±Ô¸ðÀÇ ÀáÀç ¼ö¿äÀÚ È¤Àº ´Ü¼ø ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ Åë°ú±¹À¸·Î¼­ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °¡Áø´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
´Ù¸¸ ÀáÀç ¼ö¿ä±¹Áß Çѱ¹, ÀϺ», Áß±¹Àº ·¯½Ã¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º µµÀÔ¸¸À» °í·ÁÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ ÀϺ»Àº »çÇÒ¸° Áö¿ª¿Ü¿¡´Â µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ³ª ±Øµ¿Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ Ãß°¡ÀûÀ¸·Î õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ µµÀÔÇϱ⠺¸´Ù´Â õ¿¬°¡½ºÀÇ °³¹ß, ¼ö¼Û»ç¾÷ ÀÇ Âü¿©¿¡ º¸´Ù ¹«°Ô¸¦ µÎ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, Áß±¹ ¿ª½Ã ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ·¯½Ã¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ ¼öÀÔÇØ ¼ÒºñÇÏ´Â Â÷¿øÀ» ³Ñ¾î Á÷Á¢ °¡½ºÀüÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ°í ¼ö¼ÛÇÏ´Â ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Âü¿©¸¦ Èñ¸ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò°¡ ±¸¼Ò·Ã½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ ´Ù±¹°£ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â À¯·´Áö¿ª°úÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡À̶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡µû¶ó µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG »ç¾÷Àº ·¯½Ã¾Æ õ¿¬°¡½ºÀÇ ¼öÃâ±¹°ú ¼öÀÔ±¹ °ü°è¸¸ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¼öÀÔ±¹ÀÇ »ó·ùºÎ¹®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚ¹®Á¦°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ Á¦±âµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ´Ù±¹°£ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ °Ç¼³À̶ó´Â ±¹Á¦ÀûÀÎ ¿£Áö´Ï¾î¸µ »ç¾÷µµ °øµ¿À¸·Î ½ÇÇö½ÃÄÑ¾ß Çϴ Ư¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù.
±×¸®°í µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ °ü·ÃµÈ ±¹°¡µéµµ À¯·´Áö¿ª°ú´Â ´Þ¸® ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ¿Í »çȸÁÖÀÇ, ¼±Áø±¹°ú ÈÄÁø±¹ µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¤Ä¡· °æÁ¦Àû ȯ°æÀ» °¡Áø ±¹°¡µéÀÌ °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ÀÌµé ±¹°¡°£ÀÇ º»°ÝÀûÀÎ ±³¿ª ¹× ÅõÀÚ°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø °Íµµ ¼ö³â¿¡ ºÒ°úÇÑ ÇüÆí ÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ¿¡µû¶ó µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG »ç¾÷Àº õ¿¬°¡½º»ê¾÷ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿ª³» °æÁ¦È°¼ºÈ­ÀÇ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­µµ ±× ÀÇÀÇ°¡ Å©´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG »ç¾÷ÀÌ ÃßÁøµÇ´Â °æ¿ì, ÀÚ¿ø°³¹ß¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ªÀÇ °æÁ¦È°¼ºÈ­°¡ ¿¹»óµÇ°í ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ ºÎ¼³¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ Ã¶µµ ¹× µµ·ÎÀÇ °Ç¼³·Î ¼ö¼Û¸ÁÀÇ ÇϺα¸Á¶¸¦ º¸°­½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×µ¿¾È °æÁ¦¹ßÀüÀÌ ¹ÌÁøÇÏ¿´´ø ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ¿¡³ÊÁö »ê¾÷»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Ÿ °æÁ¦ºÐ¾ß ±îÁöµµ °æÁ¦±³·ù¸¦ ÃËÁø½ÃÅ°´Â È¿°ú¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµÈ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÁÖº¯±¹ÀÇ ³ôÀº Âü¿©¿­±â¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í ·¯½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Á¤Ä¡, °æÁ¦Àû È¥¶õ°ú Á¦µµÀû À§Çè¿¡ µû¸¥ ÅõÀÚºÒ¾È, ±×¸®°í Àá Àç·ÂÀº dzºÎÇϳª ¾ÆÁ÷Àº ºÒÅõ¸íÇÑ ¸ÅÀå·®, ¿­¾ÇÇÑ ±âÈÄÁ¶°Ç ¹× ÇϺα¸Á¶ÀÇ ¹Ìºñ µîÀ¸·Î ¾Æ¹«µµ ·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÁö¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû±ØÀûÀÎ ¼±ÇàÅõÀÚ¸¦ ²¨¸®°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù.

3. µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ÇöȲ

ÇöÀç µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ªÀ¸·Î õ¿¬°¡½º °ø±ÞÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© °ËÅäµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î 3°³Á¤µµÀ̸ç, ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ »ç ÇÒ¸° ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®°¡ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀο¡ ¿¬°èÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾È°ú LNG·Î °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾ÈÀ» °­±¸Áß¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®µéÀÇ ÃßÁø°¡ ´É¼ºÀ̳ª °ø±Þ´É·ÂÀº ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀΠŸ´ç¼º Á¶»ç°¡ ¿Ï·áµÇ¾î¾ß Á¤È®È÷ ÆľÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, À̵éÁö¿ªÀÇ °¡½º¸ÅÀå·®À» °¨¾ÈÇÒ ¶§, »ó´çÇÑ ¹°·®ÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º °ø±ÞÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.

ÃÖ±Ù Á¦ 4ȸ µ¿ºÏ¾Æ PNG ȸÀÇ¿¡¼­ ¹ßÇ¥µÈ GazpromÀÇ ÀÚ·á¿¡ µû¸£¸é, 2010³â°æ µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ ¹× ±Øµ¿Áö¿ªÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º ¿¬°£ »ý»ê ±Ô¸ð´Â 80bcmÀ» »óȸÇÒ Àü¸ÁÀε¥, µ¿ Áö¿ªÀÇ ¸ÅÀå·®À» °í·ÁÇÒ °æ¿ì, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±Ô¸ðÀÇ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º »ý»êÀÌ ºÒ°¡´É ÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î Æò°¡µÈ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯ Áß¾Ó¾Æ½Ã¾Æ Áö¿ª¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Åõ¸£Å©¸Þ´Ï½ºÅºÀÇ »ý»ê °¡´É¼ºÀ» °í·ÁÇÒ °æ¿ì, µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ª¿¡ °ø±Þ°¡´ÉÇÑ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º »ý»ê±Ô¸ð´Â 1997³â±âÁØ Çѱ¹, Áß±¹, ÀϺ»ÀÇ Àüü ¼Òºñ±Ô¸ðÀÎ 100bcmÀ» »óȸÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î Æò°¡µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌÇÏ¿¡¼­´Â °³º° ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® ÀÇ Æ¯¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ìÆ캸°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù.

1) À̸£ÄíÃ÷Å© ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®

µ¿ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®Áß °¡Àå È°¹ßÇÏ°Ô ³íÀǵǰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ÃßÁø°¡´É¼ºÀÌ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¶ó ÇÒ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ÀáÀç ¼öÀÔ±¹ÀÎ Çѱ¹, Áß±¹¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ÀÌ¹Ì °³º°ÀûÀÎ ¿¹ºñŸ´ç¼º Á¶»ç°¡ ¼öÇàµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, '97³â¸» µ¿¾Æ½Ã¾Æ°¡½º°¡ °¡ Áö°í ÀÖ´ø RPÀÇ ÁöºÐ°ú RPÀÇ ¸ð±â¾÷ÀÎ SidancoÀÇ ÁöºÐÀ» ÀϺΠ¸ÅÀÔÇÑ BP°¡ µ¿»ç¾÷¿¡ Âü¿©¸¦ ¼±¾ðÇÔÀ¸·Î½á µ¿»ç¾÷Àº ÇÑÃþ´õ ±¸Ã¼ È­ µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

RP(Russia Petroleum)ÀÇ ÀÚ·á¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ÀÌ·çÅ©Ã÷Å© Áö¿ªÀÇ È®ÀÎµÈ Ãµ¿¬°¡½º ¸ÅÀå·®Àº ¾à 1,109.5bcmÀ¸·Î µ¿ ½Ãº£¸®¾Æ Àüü ¸ÅÀå·®ÀÇ ¾à 26%(È®ÀθÅÀå·® ±âÁØ)¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌÁß 869.6bcm(LNGȯ»ê½Ã ¾à 7¾ïÅæÀÇ ¹°·®ÀÓ)ÀÇ ¹°·®ÀÌ ´ÜÀÏ°¡½ºÀüÀÎ ÄÚ ºòƾ½ºÄÚ¿¡ °¡½ºÀü¿¡ ¸ÅÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀÇ ÀáÀç¸ÅÀå·®Àº ¾à 6,970bcm¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Æò°¡µÇ°í ÀÖ¾î, ¸ÅÀå·® Á¶»ç°¡ º»°ÝÈ­µÇ´Â °æ¿ì, ÀÌ Áö¿ªÀÇ È®ÀÎ ¸ÅÀå·®Àº »ó´çÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ.

2) »çÇÏ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®

»çÇÏ °øÈ­±¹Àº ·¯½Ã¾Æ ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ÀÚÄ¡ °øÈ­±¹À¸·Î ¸·´ëÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀÌ ¸ÅÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óµÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¿¬¹æÁ¤ºÎÀÇ ÅõÀںΠÁ·°ú ¿­¾ÇÇÑ Áö¸®¿©°Ç, ÇØ¿ÜÀÚº» À¯Ä¡ÀÇ ½ÇÆÐ µîÀ¸·Î °³¹ßÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁöÁö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×·¯³ª 1990³â ·¯¿¬¹æÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ±Ç·ÂºÐ¸®°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁü¿¡ µû¶ó »çÇÏ °øÈ­±¹Àº ÀÚüÀûÀΠõ¿¬ÀÚ¿ø °³¹ß ¹× ÆǸűÇÀ» È®º¸ÇÔ¿¡ µû ¶ó »çÇÏ °øÈ­±¹Àº ¿Ü±¹ÀÚº» À¯Ä¡¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÀÚ¿ø°³¹ß¿¡ ÁÖ·ÂÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡µû¶ó Çѱ¹°ú ¾ßÄíÃ÷Áö¿ª¿¡¼­ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö ¿ª¿¡ °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾ÈÀ» °ËÅäÇÏ¿´À¸³ª ¿¹ºñŸ´ç¼º Á¶»ç ÀÌÈÄ ´äº¸»óÅ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ÃÖ±Ùµé¾î À̸£ÄíÃ÷Å© ¹× »çÇÒ¸° ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ °³¹ß³íÀÇ¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© µ¿Áö¿ªÀ» µ¿½Ã¿¡ °³¹ßÇÏ¿© ¿¬°è ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎÀ» °Ç¼³ÇÏ ¿© µ¿ºÏ¾ÆÁö¿ª¿¡ õ¿¬°¡½º¸¦ °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â ¹æ¾ÈÀÌ Á¶½É½º·´°Ô Á¦±âµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

3) Åõ¸£Å©¸Þ´Ï½ºÅº ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®

Åõ¸£Å©¸Þ´Ï½ºÅº ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ÃÖ´ë °¡½ºÀüÀº Dauletabad °¡½ºÀüÀ¸·Î¼­ ÃÖ´ë ¸ÅÀå·®ÀÌ 4tcm¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µ¿ °¡½ºÀüÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾à 24kmÁöÁ¡¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Sovietabad °¡½ºÀüÀÇ ¸ÅÀå±Ô¸ðµµ ¾à 2tcm¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Æò°¡µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
µ¿ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡¼­ ÆÄÀÌÇÁ¶óÀÎÀÇ Ãâ¹ßÁ¡Àº Åõ¸£Å©¸Þ´Ï½ºÅº-À̶õ°£ ±¹°æ ±ÙóÀÇ Ashkabad µ¿³²ºÎ¿¡ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Dauletabad °¡½ºÀüÀÌ ¸ç Áß±¹ »óÇرîÁöÀÇ ÃÑ¿¬ÀåÀÌ 7,000km(Åõ¸£Å©¸Þ´Ï½ºÅº ±¸°£ : 520km, ¿ìÁŰ½ºÅº ±¸°£ : 430km, Ä«ÀÚÈ彺ź ±¸°£ : 1,400km, Áß±¹ ±¸°£ : 4,650km)¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª µ¿ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â 1995³â ¿¹ºñŸ´ç¼º Á¶»çÀÌÈÄ ¹Ù·Î Ÿ´ç¼º Á¶»ç¿¡ Âø¼öÇÒ ¿¹Á¤À̾úÀ¸³ª ÇöÀç±îÁö º¸·ùµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.

4) »çÇÒ¸° ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®

1990³â´ë ·¯½Ã¾Æ Áö¿ªÀÇ ¼­¹æ ±â¾÷µé¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚ È®´ë¿Í ÇÔ²² Sodeco´Â ±×µ¿¾È ³ÃÀüÀÇ ½ÉÈ­·Î º¸·ùµÇ¾ú´ø »çÇÒ¸° ¼®À¯· °¡½ºÀü °³¹ßÀ» Çö½ÇÈ­ÇÏ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, 1995³â 6¿ù ¹Ì±¹ Exxon°ú ÇÔ²² »çÇÒ¸°-I ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î »ý»ê¹°ºÐ¹è°è ¾à(PSA)ü°áÀ» ÅëÇØ °³¹ßÀ» ¸ð»öÁßÀÌ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Àα٠Piltun-Astokhskoye, Lunskoye ¼®À¯·°¡½ºÀüÀÇ °æ¿ì »çÇÒ¸°-II ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î 1994³â »ý»ê¹°ºÐ¹è°è¾àÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾î Á³À¸¸ç, ±âŸ »çÇÒ¸°-III, »çÇÒ¸°-IV µîÀÇ »ç¾÷ÃßÁøÀÌ °èȹµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌµé °¢°¢ÀÇ »ç ¾÷ÀÇ °³¿ä¸¦ »ìÆ캸¸é <Ç¥-6>°ú °°´Ù.

ÀÌ¿Í°°Àº »çÇÒ¸° ÇØÀú ¼®À¯·°¡½º ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®Áß »çÇÒ¸°-I, II ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®°¡ ÃÖ±Ùµé¾î ±Þ¼ÓÇÏ°Ô ÁøÀüµÇ°í Àִµ¥, ÃÖ±Ù »çÇÒ¸°-I ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®ÀÇ ¿î¿µ»çÀÎ Exxon Neftegaz Ltd.»ç´Â ±Ý³âµµ¿¡ ¾à 2¾ïºÒÀÇ Å½»çºñ¿ëÀ» ÅõÀÚÇÑ´Ù°í ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, »çÇÒ¸°-II ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® ÄÁ¼Ò½Ã¿òÀÎ Sakhalin Energy Investment Co. Ltd.´Â µ¿ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿Í °ü·ÃÇÑ ±âÃÊÀÛ¾÷À» ¼öÇàÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Arctic Pacific Contract or¸¦ ¼±ÀÓÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, µ¿ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ ¿Ï·áµÇ¸é »çÇÒ¸°-II ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®´Â »ó´çÈ÷ ±¸Ã¼È­µÈ ¿¹Á¤ÀÌ´Ù.
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PNG Projects in Northeast Asia

1. Natural Gas Demand Outlook in Northeast Asia

The importance of the introduction of pipeline natural gas into Northeast Asia lies not only in diversifying supply s ources but also in providing price leverage for the region's consumers.
Despite many implementation problem's and Asian currency crisis, the introduction of pipeline gas into this region is now no longer a matter of whether but when and how this gas will be introduced.
In 1997, Japan, China, and Korea of Northeast Asian consumed 100.8 bcm of natural gas collectively as shown in table 1. By 2010, the three countries will consume between 200 bcm and 302 bcm of natural gas, which is two to three times the 1997 level; Japan expected to demand between 83 bcm and 136 bcm. China between 80 bcm and 120 bcm, Korea between 37 bcm and 46 bcm.

2. PNG Projects in the Northeast Asia Region

1) The Project "Sakhalin"

Drilling and development plans for two major offshore Sakhalin Island development projects are advancing.
Exxon Neftegaz Ltd., operator of Sakhalin I project, recently revealed results from its 1997 operations, as well as i ts development plans for 1998. And the Sakhalin II consortium has selected Arctic Pacific Contractors, to provide major project management services.
Both projects are off eastern Sakhalin Island in Sea of Okhotsk in Russia's Far East.

2) The Project "Sakha-Gas"

The total recoverable reserves of natural gas in this region have been assessed at 42.4 TCF out of the total rese rves of 78.8 TCF and annual gas production is estimated at about 1.2 TCF. And a total of 30 fields have been discovered in the territory of Yakutia.
The proposed pipeline routes are Yakutsk - Khabarovsk - Vladivostok Korea (total length - 5,653 km), and the investm ent costs are expected to be approximately $20 billion.
South Korea and Russia agreed to conduct a joint feasibility study of developing natural gas deposits in the Republic of Sakha. The contract for the prefeasibility study was signed in November 1994 between Korea and Sakhaneftegas.

3) The Irkutsk Project

The operator for realization of the Irkutsk project is the regional company "Russia Petroleum". The pro ject bases on confirmed stocks of Kovyktinskoe field located in north of Irkutsk region. The anticipated stocks after th e additional exploration are supposed as 1.5 tcm.
The project decides problems of gas supply to the south of Irkutsk region in volume 9 bcm annually.
The agreement on construction of a gas pipeline from Irkutsk region to China was signed on June 27, 1997. The agreeme nt is contracted between ministry of fuel and power of Russia and Chinese national Oil and gas corporation. The export d eliveries will compound 20-30 bcm of gas annually.

4) Turkmenistan Gas Project

Turkmenistan natural gas project is huge in its scope and will be carried on into the twenty-first century. It is env isaged that the natural gas will be transported through a newly constructed long-distance pipeline from Turkmenistan to as far as the east coast of China. It will then either be liquefied and transported by LNG vessels or transported by sub marine pipeline directly from the east coast of China for sale in the Far East Asian market.

5) Krasnoyarsk Region

The potential resources of gas fields of Krasnoyarsk region about 15 tcm allow to finish a level of gas productio n in the given region up to 70 bcm. The largest fields of this region are Yurubchenskoe and Sobinovskoe. The location of these fields close to gas - bearing areas of Irkutsk region and Republic of Sakha enables to consider them as one of pe rspective sources of gas export to countries of Northeast Asia.


3. Multilateral Cooperation for Northeast Asian PNG Projects

The uneven distribution of natural gas resources among the Northeast Asian countries indicates that mutual benefits c an be derived from natural gas development cooperation among the countries. Russia and China with huge natural gas resou rces certainly need capital, technology and equipment for their exploration and development, while Japan and South Korea with capital, technology and equipment need to secure their energy supplies.
Historically, energy has been an object of competition. But the changing economic and political environment in Northe ast Asia in recent years is encouraging cooperation in natural gas development and making an important regional contribu tion involving multilateral cooperation.
In regard to recent development in the Caspian Pipeline Consortium(CPC) in Europe have been achieved through enduring negotiations by all players of the project.
With regard this, tremendous efforts are required like wise to develop the Northeast Asian gas projects quicker. At p resent, there exist several non-governmental organizations concerning PNG development in the Northeast Asia region, and their activities have been energetic.
In conclusion, East Siberia natural gas resources offer huge potential benefits. Early development of these resources will provide the region with a great opportunity for economic prosperity, energy security, and environmental and potent ially political benefits. Multilateral cooperation is instrumental for early realization of these benefits from resource s development, although it will cost, time and much efforts.